New Delhi: HL July 29, 2026
India accounts for the largest share of childhood cancer cases in South Asia, with nearly seven out of every 10 cases in the region reported from the country, according to a recent study published in The Lancet. Researchers attribute this primarily to India’s large child population while emphasizing the urgent need for improved early diagnosis and treatment access.
The study found that India reported an estimated 25,939 new childhood cancer cases and 5,228 deaths, representing the majority of the region’s total burden. Across South Asia, around 7,698 children died from cancer, with India accounting for the highest number.
Experts note that the actual burden may be even higher because many cases in rural areas remain undiagnosed or unregistered. Limited access to specialist healthcare and delayed diagnosis continue to be major challenges, particularly outside urban centres.
Among all childhood cancers, leukaemia (blood cancer) remains the most common, accounting for nearly 35–50% of cases across South Asia. Doctors say advances in diagnostic facilities have improved detection rates in India, but timely treatment remains critical for improving survival.
Health specialists stress that strengthening cancer screening, expanding paediatric oncology services, and improving awareness among parents and healthcare workers are essential to reduce childhood cancer-related deaths.
